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Maryland Archaeological Synthesis Database
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Phase II and Phase III Archaeological Database and Inventory
18AG186 Evitts Creek I
Site Data
Site Number:
18AG186
Site Name:
Evitts Creek I
Other name(s):
Prehistoric:
Historic:
Unknown:
Brief Description:
Early & Late Archaic and Early, Middle, & Late Woodland short-term camps, possible base camp
Site Location and Environmental Data
Latitude:
39.68
Longitude:
-78.71
Elevation:
198
Site slope:
Maryland Archaeo Research Unit No.:
22
SCS soil & sediment code:
Physiographic province:
Ridge and Valley
Terrestrial site:
Underwater site:
Ethnobotany profile:
Maritime site:
Site setting:
-Site Setting restricted -Lat/Long accurate to within 1 sq. mile, user may need to make slight adjustments in mapping to account for sites near state/county lines or streams
Topography
Floodplain:
Hilltop/bluff:
Interior flat:
Upland flat:
Ridgetop:
Terrace:
Low terrace:
High terrace:
Rockshelter/cave:
Hillslope:
Unknown:
Other:
Other Text:
Ownership
Private:
Federal:
State of MD:
Regional/county/city:
Unknown:
Nearest Surface Water
Name (if any):
Evitts Creek
Saltwater
Ocean:
Estuary/tidal river:
Tidewater/marsh:
Freshwater
Stream/river:
Swamp:
Lake or pond:
Spring:
Min distance to water:
2
meters
Temporal Contextual Data
Paleoindian:
Archaic:
Early Archaic:
Y
Middle Archaic:
Late Archaic:
Y
Woodland:
MD Adena:
Early Woodland:
Y
Middle Woodland:
Y
Late Woodland:
Y
Unknown prehistoric:
Contact period site:
ca. 1630 - 1675:
ca. 1675 - 1720:
ca. 1720 - 1780:
ca. 1780 - 1820:
ca. 1820 - 1860:
ca. 1860 - 1900:
ca. 1900 - 1930:
Post 1930:
Unknown historic:
Unknown context:
Y=Confirmed, P=Possible
Ethnic Associations (historic only)
Native American:
African American:
Anglo-American:
Hispanic:
Asian American:
Unknown:
Other:
Other Text:
Y=Confirmed, P=Possible
Site Function Contextual Data
Prehistoric
Multi-component:
Village:
Hamlet:
Base camp:
Rockshelter/cave:
Earthen mound:
Cairn:
Burial area:
Misc. ceremonial:
Rock art:
Shell midden:
STU/lithic scatter:
Quarry/extraction:
Fish weir:
Production area:
Unknown:
Other PH context:
Historic
Urban/Rural?:
Domestic:
Homestead:
Farmstead:
Mansion:
Plantation:
Row/townhome:
Cellar:
Privy:
Industrial:
Mining-related:
Quarry-related:
Mill:
Black/metalsmith:
Furnace/forge:
Other industrial:
Transportation:
Canal-related:
Road/railroad:
Wharf/landing:
Maritime-related:
Bridge:
Ford:
Educational:
Commercial:
Trading post:
Store:
Tavern/inn:
Military:
Battlefield:
Fortification:
Encampment:
Townsite:
Unknown:
Other hist context:
Interpretive Sampling Data
Prehistoric context samples
Soil samples taken:
N
Flotation samples taken:
N
Other samples taken:
Pedological& Geomporphological
Historic context samples
Soil samples taken:
Flotation samples taken:
Other samples taken:
Diagnostic Artifact Data
Projectile Point Types
Clovis:
Hardaway-Dalton:
Palmer:
Kirk (notch):
Kirk (stem):
Le Croy:
Morrow Mountain:
Guilford:
Brewerton:
2
Otter Creek:
Koens-Crispin:
Perkiomen:
Susquehana:
6
Vernon:
Piscataway:
Calvert:
Selby Bay:
Jacks Reef (notch):
1
Jacks Reef (pent):
Madison/Potomac:
Levanna:
3
All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts
Prehistoric Sherd Types
Marcey Creek:
Dames Quarter:
Selden Island:
Accokeek:
Wolfe Neck:
Vinette:
Popes Creek:
Coulbourn:
Watson:
Mockley:
Clemson Island:
Page:
Shepard:
Townsend:
Minguannan:
Sullivan Cove:
Shenks Ferry:
Moyaone:
Potomac Creek:
Keyser:
Yeocomico:
Monongahela:
Susquehannock:
All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts
Historic Sherd Types
Earthenware
Astbury:
Borderware:
Buckley:
Creamware:
Ironstone:
Jackfield:
Manganese Mottled:
North Devon:
Pearlware:
Staffordshire:
Tin Glazed:
Whiteware:
Porcelain:
Stoneware
English Brown:
English Dry-bodied:
Nottingham:
Rhenish:
White Salt-glazed:
All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts
Prehistoric Artifacts
Flaked stone:
347
Ground stone:
3
Stone bowls:
Fire-cracked rock:
402
Other lithics (all):
Ceramics (all):
1
Rimsherds:
Other fired clay:
Human remain(s):
Modified faunal:
Unmodified faunal:
15
Oyster shell:
Floral material:
Uncommon Object:
Other:
All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts
Historic Artifacts
Pottery (all):
Glass (all):
Architectural:
Furniture:
Arms:
Clothing:
Personal items:
Tobacco related:
Activity item(s):
Human remain(s):
Faunal material:
Misc. kitchen:
Floral material:
Misc.:
Other:
All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts
Lithic Material
Jasper:
Chert:
Rhyolite:
Quartz:
Quartzite:
Ferruginous quartzite:
Chalcedony:
Ironstone:
Argillite:
Steatite:
Sandstone:
Silicified sandstone:
European flint:
Basalt:
Unknown:
Other:
Features
Dated Features
Dated features present at site:
Prehistoric Features
Mound(s):
Midden:
Shell midden:
Postholes/molds:
House pattern(s):
Palisade(s):
Hearth(s):
Lithic reduction area:
Storage/trash pit:
Burial(s):
Ossuary:
Unknown:
Other:
Historic Features
Construction feature:
Foundation:
Cellar hole/cellar:
Hearth/chimney:
Postholes/molds:
Paling ditch/fence:
Privy/outhouse:
Well/cistern:
Trash pit/dump:
Sheet midden:
Planting feature:
Road/walkway:
Depression/mound:
Burial(s):
Railroad bed:
Earthworks:
Mill raceway:
Wheel pit:
Unknown:
Other:
Radiocarbon Data
Sample 1:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 2:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 3:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 4:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 5:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 6:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 7:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 8:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Sample 9:
+-
years BP
Reliability
Additional radiocarbon results available:
External Samples/Data
Additional raw data may be available online:
Collection curated at
MAC
Summary
The Evitts Creek I site (18AG186) was first encountered during Phase I survey (a surface collection) related to the relocation of US 220. The site is situated on a broad terrace overlooking Evitts Creek, consisting of poorly-drained Huntington silt loam soils. The results of that study indicated that Evitts Creek I might have campsite occupations spanning the Early Archaic through Late Woodland periods. Projectile points identified during Phase I investigations include Palmer, Brewerton Eared-notched, Lamoka, Normanskill-like, Susquehanna-like, Perkiomen-like, Steubenville/Fox Creek, Adena-like, and triangular points. In addition, several cores, hammerstones, unifaces, bifaces, steatite bowl fragments, and prehistoric potsherds were recovered. These Phase I artifacts are not included in the artifact tallies below. Phase II research was designed to assess the eligibility of the site for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The goal of the project was to assess the integrity, significance, and horizontal and vertical extent of the archaeological deposits. The Phase II testing was conducted in two stages. Stage I consisted of a surface survey, following plowing and disking. Based on the distribution of artifacts resulting from the surface collection, a series of sixteen 1 X 1 m test units was excavated during the second stage of the survey. The test units were placed on, near, and off the areas of dense artifact concentration and were dug in 10 cm arbitrary levels. By far, a greater number of artifacts, particularly diagnostics, were recovered from surface collections rather than subsurface testing. No features were encountered. Only one prehistoric pottery fragment was recovered from the site. It appears to be Page ware and is limestone tempered with interior and exterior smoothed surfaces. Most of the prehistoric artifacts recovered were lithics, including many diagnostic projectile points. Two Brewerton points (1 corner-notched, 1 eared-triangle), 1 Lamoka point, 6 Susquehanna points, 1 Orient Fishtail point, a Jack’s Reef corner-notched point, a Backstrum side-notched point, and 3 Levanna points were found during surface collection. An untyped stemmed point was also recovered. Thirteen bifaces, 1 uniface, and 3 cores or core fragments were retrieved and complete the assemblage of formal flaked stone tools. Three groundstone objects were encountered, two abraders and one ground and smoothed chert bead with a hole drilled through it. The remaining lithics were flakes and debitage. There were 314 unretouched flakes and fragments of shatter. Most of the flakes were of chert and rhyolite. 402 fragments of fire-cracked rock were also recovered. Faunal artifacts were sparse (15 objects) and consisted primarily of unidentified shell and a few animal bones. Historic artifacts were also encountered. These were probably related to a nearby historic site and consisted primarily of glass and late 19th/early 20th century ceramics. 18AG186 is largely a shallow surface site that was occupied during the Late and Terminal Archaic and Late Middle Woodland to Late Woodland periods. Assemblage characteristics suggest numerous short term visits to the levee through these various periods in prehistory. It is likely that the stream resources of Evitts Creek and of the backswamp area north of the current flood chute were the primary attraction for small groups of foragers or collectors.
External Reference Codes
Library ID Numbers:
